Brigadier General John Sappington Marmaduke
Born near Arrow Rock, Missouri on March 14, 1833, John Sappington Marmaduke attended both Yale and Harvard before graduating from West Point in 1857. In 1861 Marmaduke resigned his United States commission and became first a colonel in the Missouri militia, then lieutenant colonel of the 1st Arkansas Battalion, and colonel of the 3rd Confederate Infantry. For his superior conduct at Shiloh and Prairie Grove, Marmaduke was promoted to rank of brigadier general on November 15, 1862. During 1863 he raided into Missouri twice and took part in the attack on Helena, Arkansas, in July, 1863. During the defense of Little Rock in September, Marmaduke served in command of the cavalry of General Sterling Price's command. During this defense, Marmaduke was involved in a duel with General L. M. Walker which resulted in Walker's death. Following the Red River campaign of 1864, Marmaduke accompanied Price into Missouri. On his retreat, while in command of the rear guard, Marmaduke was captured at Mine Creek, Kansas on October 25, 1864. On March 18, 1865, while still imprisoned, he was appointed to the rank of general, the last major general appointed in the Confederacy.
After his release from Fort Warren in July, Marmaduke returned to Missouri and worked in the insurance business in St. Louis. He later became editor of an agricultural journal and was defeated in the 1880 Missouri election for governor. He served four years as a member of the Missouri Railway Commission. In 1884 Marmaduke was elected governor of Missouri, but died in Jefferson City on December 28, 1887 before the end of his term.